Microphone, whose scientific name is microphone, is an energy conversion device that converts sound signals into electrical signals. It is translated from Microphone. Also called microphone and microphone. In the 20th century, microphones developed from acoustic-electric conversion through resistance to inductive and capacitive conversion. A large number of new microphone technologies were gradually developed, including microphones such as aluminum ribbon and moving coil, as well as the widely used condenser microphones and electrets. Body microphone.

Microphone classification

According to the principle of sound-electric conversion, it is divided into: electric type (moving coil type, aluminum ribbon type), condenser microphone type (DC polarization type), piezoelectric type (crystal type, ceramic type), electromagnetic type, carbon particle Type, semiconductor type, etc.

According to the force of the sound field, it is divided into: pressure type, pressure difference type, combined type, linear type, etc.

According to the transmission method of electrical signals, it is divided into: wired and wireless.

According to the purpose, it is divided into: measuring microphone, vocal microphone, instrument microphone, recording microphone, etc.

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According to the directivity, it is divided into: cardioid, sharp-hearted, super-cardioid, bidirectional (8-shaped), non-directional (omnidirectional).

Electret microphones are small in size and low in cost, and are widely used in telephones, mobile phones and other equipment.

Silicon Microphones are based on CMOSMEMS technology and are smaller in size. Its consistency will be more than 4 times better than that of electret condenser microphones, so MEMS microphones are particularly suitable for cost-effective microphone array applications, where a better-matched microphone will improve sound wave formation and reduce noise. Laser microphones are used in eavesdropping.

Wireless microphone

The wireless microphone is composed of several pocket transmitters (which can be put in a pocket, the output power is about 0, 01W) and a centralized receiver. Each pocket transmitter has a different working frequency. The centralized receiver can simultaneously receive voice signals of different working frequencies from various pocket transmitters. It is suitable for occasions such as stage podium.